Chapter 18 Water and Electrolytes

1. Which of the following is the definition of a base?

A. substance that releases the hydroxyl ion in water

B. substance that releases the hydrogen ion in water

C. substance that releases the sodium ion in water

D. substance that releases a protein in water

2. Which of the following is an extracellular fluid?
A. cerebrospinal fluid

B. urine

C. fluid inside a lymphatic vessel

D. all of the above

3. Which of the following is the least abundant type of body fluid?

A. intracellular fluid

B. extracellular fluid

4. Which of the following is found in the highest concentrations in intracellular fluids?

A. phosphate ions

B. potassium ions

C. magnesium ions

D. chloride ions

5. Which of the following is found in highest concentrations in extracellular fluids?

A. bicarbonate ions

B. sodium ions

C. chloride ions

6. Which of the following is not a normal route by which water is lost from the body?

A. through urine

B. through feces

C. through evaporation from skin

D. through breathing

E. all of the above are normal routes by which water is lost from the body.

7. A strong acid more easily dissociates into hydrogen ions in water than a weak acid.

A. true

B. false

8. Acid-base buffer systems

A. convert  weak acids to strong acids

B. convert weak bases to strong bases

C. both A and B

D. convert strong acids to weak acids

9. If the pH of a person’s blood is 7.8 the condition is termed acidosis.

A. true

B. false

10. Hydrostatic pressure is a major force that regulates the movement of water from intracellular to extracellular compartments.

A. true

B. false