Chapter 2 Objectives -- Chemical Basis of Life
When you can answer these objectives without looking them up in the note or text book, you are probably ready to take the test on this chapter.
1. Describe the structure of an atom. Tell how electrons, protons, and neutrons are positioned within an atom.
2. Based on the position of electrons be able to determine the stability of an atom.
3. List the elements that are most common in the human body.
4. Define an ion and tell how it is formed.
5. Describe covalent and ionic bonding.
6. Differentiate between a molecular formula and a structural formula.
7. Describe and give examples of the following types of reactions:
synthesis
decomposition
exchange
8. Compare the characteristics of an acid with those of a base.
9. Define pH and the pH scale. Be able to determine the acidity of a substance based on its pH.
10. Differentiate between characteristics of organic substances and those of inorganic substances.
11. List the most important inorganic substances found in the human body. Describe the importance of each.
12. Tell the difference between an electrolyte and a nonelectrolyte. Give examples of each.
13. List the four major classes of organic compounds found in the human cells. Give examples of each.
14. Describe the building blocks of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
15. Describe the functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
16. List the elements present in carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
17. Tell how an enzyme affects a chemical reaction.
18. Describe what happens to proteins when they are exposed to heat.